I'm with you regarding the
I'm with you regarding the EGR being a likely suspect behind head gasket failure. But Im not sure about "back pressure" increase. You mean exhaust back pressure? Is the EGR flow rate (when new/clean) that much?
My take: the Toyota engineers are counting on as-new EGR air flow to keep combustion chamber temperatures down. When it's near-fully clogged, combustion chamber temp's climb, stressing everything more than design limits.